Humanimal—The Mouth-Body Connection

By Joy Pape, FNP-C, CDCES and Nicole Cerniello, DVM

Why is it that we can get medical care for our body but not as easily for our mouth (teeth and gums)? I don’t think it’s the medical practitioners but most likely the insurance companies, and why I don’t know.

For example, I have had many patients who have diabetes. They can’t seem to keep their blood sugars in reasonable range until they go to the dentist and find out they have a tooth or gum infection. Once treated, their blood sugars often get better.

HUMANS

Studies have shown, as reported in WebMD, there may be a link between your mouth and your body, such as boosting self-esteem and confidence, lowering risk of heart disease, preserving memory, decreasing risks of infection and inflammation, stabilizing blood sugar, and even helping pregnant women carry their baby to term. Good oral health is the best prevention for oral health problems at all ages.

The CDC recommends age related tips:

For Babies

  • Wipe gums twice a day with a soft, clean cloth in the morning after the first feeding and before bed to wipe away bacteria and sugars that can cause cavities.
  • When teeth come in, brush twice a day with a soft, small bristled toothbrush and plain water.
  • Visit the dentist by your baby’s first birthday to spot signs of problems early.
  • Talk to your dentist or doctor about putting fluoride varnish on your child’s teeth when the first tooth appears.
  • For children younger than two, consult your doctor or dentist regarding the use of fluoride toothpaste.

For Children

  • Brush their teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste.
  • Help your child brush their teeth until they have good brushing skills.
  • If your child is younger than six, watch them brush. Make sure they use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste and always spit it out rather than swallow.
  • Ask your child’s dentist to apply dental sealants if appropriate.
  • Drink tap water that contains fluoride. New York City drinking water contains fluoride.

Pregnant Women
When you’re pregnant, you may be more prone to gum disease and cavities, which can affect your baby’s health. Follow these steps to protect your teeth:

  • See a dentist (it’s safe!) before you deliver.
  • Brush your teeth twice a day.
  • Floss daily.
  • If you have nausea, rinse your mouth with one teaspoon of baking soda in a glass of water after you get sick. This helps wash stomach acid away and keep your tooth enamel safe.

Adults
Here are some things you can do to maintain a healthy mouth and strong teeth. 

  • Drink fluoridated water and brush with fluoride toothpaste. 
  • Brush thoroughly twice a day and floss daily. 
  • Visit your dentist at least once a year.
  • Do not use any tobacco products. If you smoke, quit.
  • Limit alcoholic drinks, especially cocktails with sugar added.
  • If you have diabetes, work to maintain control of the disease. This will decrease risk for other complications, including gum disease.
  • Treating gum disease may help lower your blood sugar level.
  • If your medication causes dry mouth, ask your doctor for a different medication.
  • Drink plenty of water and chew sugarless gum.
  • See your doctor or a dentist if you have sudden changes in taste and smell. 
  • Help older individuals brush and floss if they are not able to perform these activities independently. 

INSURANCE
If you don’t have insurance, reach out to NYU’s College of Dentistry, 212-998-9800 or Columbia University’s College of Dental Medicine, 212-305-6100, for an appointment.

PETS
Dental health is often overlooked in cats and dogs. Research has shown that 30% of dogs may have fractured teeth and as many as 68% of cats may have resorptive lesions (eroded tissue beneath enamel which becomes destroyed). Periodontal disease is the most common disease affecting cats and dogs.
Many cats and dogs resist having their mouth examined or opened by their owners. As a result, dental disease is often unnoticed until it is very severe or pointed out by a veterinarian during a physical exam.
As with humans, the same goes for cats and dogs regarding dental disease and controlling concurrent diseases, especially diabetes. Just about all general veterinary practitioners can perform complete oral health exams and treatments.
When necessary, some pets may be referred to a board-certified veterinary dentist. To be done correctly, a dental cleaning must be performed under anesthesia. Anything advertised as a non-anesthetic cleaning is inappropriate and unlikely to be performed by a licensed veterinarian. While anesthesia can be scary, pets are monitored closely and precautions are taken to help ensure a positive outcome.
Try to brush your cat or dog’s teeth daily. We understand this not always possible, mainly due to lack of cooperation from your beloved pet! Start slow. Get your pet used to having your hands in and around their mouth. Work up to having your finger in their mouth before graduating to a toothbrush. It’s best to get your pets used to this when they are young, so it is part of their normal routine. As always, if you have any concerns about your pet’s dental health seek the opinion of your veterinarian.